CHIRPS-Based Spatio-Temporal Rainfall Analysis as a Basis for Evaluating Cropping Pattern Suitability in Coastal West Sumatra

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Published Feb 28, 2026
https://doi.org/10.55043/jaast.v10i1.524
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Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology

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Nugraha Ramadhan
Universitas Andalas
Indra Dwipa
Universitas Andalas
Muhsanati Muhsanati
Universitas Andalas
Winda Purnama Sari
Universitas Andalas
Afrima Sari
Universitas Andalas
Salsabila Amanda
Universitas Andalas
Danang Nugroho
Universitas Andalas
Rezky Devo Ramadhan
Universitas Andalas
Rizky Armei Saputra
BMKG Padang Pariaman Climatology Station

Abstract

Rainfall variability, in terms of amount, distribution, and timing, can increase the risk of crop failure and reduce crop yields. This study aims to analyze CHIRPS (Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Stations) rainfall dynamics across several coastal areas of West Sumatra and to evaluate agroclimatic zones to assess the suitability of climate-adaptive cropping patterns. Monthly rainfall data for the period 1995-2024 were analyzed using the IDW interpolation method to produce rainfall distribution maps. This study also classified agroclimatic zones using Oldeman's classification to assess the suitability of cropping patterns. The analysis showed significant annual rainfall fluctuations, with high rainfall dominating the 1995-2014 period and a decline in the 2015-2024 period. Changes in monthly rainfall patterns, particularly the increase in rainfall from March to May during the 2015-2024 period, may affect planting times and irrigation management. The three regions studied (Padang Pariaman, Pariaman, and Padang) are in climate zone A1, with more than 9 consecutive wet months, allowing year-round rice cultivation. However, rainfall fluctuations require adjustments in planting timing and the selection of secondary crops that are more drought-resistant. The results of this study provide a stronger basis for agricultural planning that is more adaptive to climate change, with recommendations for adjustments to the planting calendar and irrigation management to ensure the sustainability of efficient and sustainable agricultural production.

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Author Biographies

Nugraha Ramadhan, Universitas Andalas

Department of Agronomy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia

Indra Dwipa, Universitas Andalas

Department of Agronomy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia

Muhsanati Muhsanati, Universitas Andalas

Department of Agronomy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia

Winda Purnama Sari, Universitas Andalas

Department of Agronomy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia

Afrima Sari, Universitas Andalas

Department of Agronomy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia

Salsabila Amanda, Universitas Andalas

Agrotechnology Study Program, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia

Danang Nugroho, Universitas Andalas

Agrotechnology Study Program, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia

Rezky Devo Ramadhan, Universitas Andalas

Soil Science Study Program, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia

Rizky Armei Saputra, BMKG Padang Pariaman Climatology Station

BMKG Padang Pariaman Climatology Station, Sicincin, Padang Pariaman, Indonesia

How to Cite
1.
Ramadhan N, Dwipa I, Muhsanati M, Sari WP, Sari A, Amanda S, Nugroho D, Ramadhan RD, Saputra RA. CHIRPS-Based Spatio-Temporal Rainfall Analysis as a Basis for Evaluating Cropping Pattern Suitability in Coastal West Sumatra. J. appl. agricultural sci. technol. [Internet]. 2026Feb.28 [cited 2026Mar.9];10(1):146-58. Available from: https://jaast.org/index.php/jaast/article/view/524

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